Writing a Bibliography
C R E S T W O O D H I G H S C H O O L L I B R A R Y 2 0 0 9
HOW TO COMPILE A BIBLIOGRAPHY/REFERENCE LIST
WHAT IS A BIBLIOGRAPHY?
A list of everything you have read in researching your essay or assignment - not only the items you refer to in the essay or assignment itself (includes texts, journal articles, electronic sources etc.).
WHAT IS A REFERENCE LIST?
A list of all sources actually referenced in your assignment. You must reference when you quote from a text, or paraphrase or summarise someone else’s ideas.
WHY REFERENCE?
Using someone else’s words, ideas, maps, diagrams etc. is PLAGIARISM – even if you have paraphrased or summarised them! You must acknowledge all sources.
References/bibliographies should be arranged alphabetically by author. If no author is given, then by title.
GUIDELINES FOR APA STYLE REFERENCING
FOR BOOKS:
Author (surname followed by given name). (Year of publication). Title (Italics or underlined). Edition (in parentheses if other than 1st). Place of publication: Publisher
eg.
Germov, John (2000). Get great marks for your essays. [2nd edition].Sydney: Allen & Unwin.
Johnson, David (2005). The geology of Australia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Mooney, M., & Nicholls, J. (Eds.). (2004). Drama journeys: inside drama learning. Strawberry Hills, N.S.W.: Currency Press.
FOR ARTICLES: (magazines, newspapers or journals)
Author (surname followed by given name). (Year of publication) Title of article. Name of journal, magazine or newspaper (underlined or in italics), Volume and/or issue, page numbers (inclusive). eg.
Duffy, M. (2005, June 14). Squalls of dissent ruffle the wind harvester. Sydney Morning Herald. pp. News 7.
Faulkner, C. (2005). Wallum froglet. Nature Australia, 28(5), pp. 22-23.
Rhodes, R. (2005). Living with the bomb. National Geographic, 208(2), pp. 98-113.
VIDEOS, DVDS, CD-ROMS, FILMS
Author. (Year of Publication). Title (edition).[Format]. Place: Publisher/Production company. eg
Skull, J. (2000). Know what's what in travel & tourism. [CD-ROM]. Marino, S. Aust.: Elbrook.
Williams, Gerri (2002). Under my skin. [VHS]. Sydney: ABC.
INTERNET
Surname, Initials (or author or editor), Year. Title[online]. (Edition). Place of publication: Publisher (if ascertainable). URL. Accessed/Retrieved date. eg.
Carmichael, E. (2001). Module 2: writing assignments at university. Early Childhood Education Self-study [on-line] http://sites.uws.edu/learning/earlychildhood/mod2.htm.
Accessed: Sept 13, 2005.
Holland, M. (2004). Guide to citing Internet sources [online].Poole: Bournemouth University http://www.bournemouth.ac.uk/library/using/guide_to_citing_internet_sourc.html.
Accessed: Sept 20, 2005.
Wurzel, B.J. (n.d.). Growing up with yours, mine and ours in stepfamilies [online]. Ohio State University Extension Fact Sheet: Family and Consumer Sciences Web site: http://ohioline.osu.edu/hyg-fact/5000/5292.html. Accessed: Nov.1, 2005.
APPENDICES
Appendices may be required in some subjects. These are all the documents, tables, maps, images etc. you have made reference to in your assignment. Copies of the tables, maps etc. will be added (with full bibliographic citation) to your assignment.
REFERENCING WITHIN YOUR ASSIGNMENT
If the author’s exact words are used, they should be enclosed in single quotation marks. The author’s surname, year of publication and page number. eg. ‘Knowledge of one’s family history and relationship with place is of paramount importance to indigenous people’. (Mooney & Nicholls, 2004. p.66).
When you paraphrase an author’s ideas, the author should be acknowledged in the same way. The reader can then find the exact reference in your Reference List.
Some Points To Note:
# The date provided in electronic information may not be the original date of publication but when it was added to the database.
# Punctuation and capitalisation, especially in the electronic address (or URL) should appear exactly as it does in the database.
# Remember the citation should be able to be retrieved - it may be wise to include your search engine and search term(s) and date visited.
# There are several accepted ways to reference. Whichever style you choose BE CONSISTENT. These guidelines are based on the APA style.
More detailed information:
University of Newcastle Library
University of Wollongong Library
http://amow.boardofstudies.nsw.edu.au
Essential information on plagiarism and correct citation methods
The website http://citationmachine.net has a template for creating your bibliography. We have used APA style. Be sure you stick with one style throughout your reference list.
Please ask for assistance if you need more details or help!
RL/WGCRESTWOODHSLIBRARY